Saturday, June 16, 2012

Billy Bragg & Clive James; autobiographies


BOOK REVIEWS  ~  Life is a cabaret

 Willkommen

Welcome to cabaret ..’ intones oscar-winning Joel Grey at the beginning of the eponymous musical. Against a backdrop of circus mirrors that distort the audience’s image of themselves the garish assortment of entertainers reflect on their decadent interwar society. Singers, comedians and musicians act as social commentators, interweaving personal with political while moving seamlessly from the particular to the general.

Clive James and Billy Bragg are two contemporary entertainers whose material both feeds off and informs our current culture. Their two autobiographies conspire to cover the last 50 years; ‘North Face of Soho’ is Clive James’ fourth volume of unreliable memoirs and takes us from his marriage in 1960 to the demise of Fleet street in the 80s when Murdoch moved to Wapping. Billy Bragg’s book is something else altogether.

One of Bragg’s signature songs evokes the ‘Cabaret’ era. ‘Between the Wars’ is more Berthold Brecht and Kurt Weil than Christopher Isherwood but the inter marriage between poem and polemic works well. ‘The Progressive Patriot’ uses the bare bones of his life as the skeleton on which to attach his sometimes didactic anti-establishment diatribes. Bragg builds a body of social comment that neatly dovetails his life story with contemprary British, and particularly English, society. The bookshop customer is as likely to find Bragg’s book amongst the politics titles as among the music books or the biographies.

I was a miner, I was a docker, I was a railwayman between the wars’. Perhaps unsurprisingly Bragg’s prose style echoes his lyric writing; unashamedly proletarian in appeal, direct in style and economic in structure. But his music is not all Dave Spart posturing and nor is this book. Bragg’s best known track, ‘A New England’, is a love song in which he explicitly affirms that personal emotions have primacy over political agenda. Likewise ‘The Progressive Patriot’ makes room for adolescent inadequacies and the poignant first experience.

His musical awakening strikes a chord. At twelve years old he catches a snatch of a song that touches his emerging sense of self and he then spends months tracking it down. ‘I am just a poor boy, ‘though my story’s seldom told ..’ A working class lad from Barking hears a universal truth from another continent and a world of opportunity opens up.


Money, money
Known now principally as a TV critic Clive James’ early witing efforts were also as a lyricist. When he arrived in 1960’s London from working on The Sydney Herald he wrote in every form known to pen and paper; book reviews, film reviews, stand-up, song lyrics. sketches, poetry, and literary biography. He wrote, directed and produced mock epics in rhyming couplets. He even corresponded with friends in verse letters. In ‘North Face of Soho’ James spares us such pyrotechnic poetry and recounts in standard prose his desperation to earn a crust from his fecund gift as a wordsmith.

Graduating from Cambridge and directing Footlights James set about acquiring an income by not saying no to any literary work offered him. This meant saying yes to poorly paid, short-deadline book reviews and on occasions working for free. His new wife was not impressed. However Grub Street embraced him and soon he was accepting poorly paid, short-deadline cinema and radio reviews as well.

James’ arrival and progression as a media observer and contributor coincided with the social and technological revolution of the 60s; in particular looser social mores and mass entertainment for TV audiences. In time Clive James was to prove not merely a rider of this tiger but also the guy with the top hat and whip. TV criticism was looked down on by snobbish literary hacks until James dragged the broadsheets down the cathoray tube and into the light with his highly popular Observer column.

A lifelong journalist Clive James knows that one picture is worth a thousand words and his great talent is to construct phrases that paint a unique and unforgettable image. His favourite and the one widely quoted as his signature witticism was describing Arnold Swartzenegger as ‘a brown condom stuffed with walnuts’. James includes it here alongside other self-congratulatory examples of his abundant linguistic gymnastics. He blows his own trumpet with as much charm as skill and we forgive him the indulgence.

Except it is not a trumpet. He leaves that to Spike Milligan in one of the many name-dropping anecdotes - Clive James drops names like Billy Bragg drops aitches. James blows less of a trumpet and more of a didjeridoo, an instrument that requires the respiratory skill of circular breathing. Whether or not this anatomical trick is on the Australian Schools Curriculum James has mastered it anyway. Each ego-inflating inhalation is paired with an equal exhalation of self deprecatory humour. He boasts of dining with Meryl Streep only to puncture his pride and his palette with a mouthful of needle-sharp fish bones. He persuades his publisher to proceed with his first autobiography precisely because he has achieved nothing in life.


Tomorrow belongs to me

The sparks that combined to ignite the touch-paper to Bragg’s incendiary book were the July 7th London bombing and the election of British National Party councillors onto the authority in his native Barking. Bragg’s self perception is as an interventionist entertainer and he has chosen his autobiography as the instrument to initiate debate and change in our national self-perception. He is arguing for the left to adopt a progressive patriotism to undermine the knee-jerk appeal of the BNP in times of volatile social change.

In one of the early autobiographical chapters Bragg describes the seismic shockwave that blew through Britain when his generation found their identity and musical voice via Punk. An early adherent to The Clash, Bragg recalls his first self-conscious political act in marching through the East End of London to the 1978 Rock against Racism concert in Victoria Park. He has remained a committed anti-fascist ever since and the BNP electoral success on his own manor patently hurts.

Bragg explores Englishness by portraying the classic idyllic models from the past alongside his own family’s experience over generations on the banks of Barking Creek. He quotes Kipling and Orwell alongside his grandfather’s wartime diary. The growth and development of trade unionism is told through his great grandfathers employment at the nearby Beckton Gasworks. His view of Englishness is fundamentally romantic; fuelled by nostalgia for the Trade Union ‘banners of the days gone by’ as much as by George Orwell’s ‘The Lion & the Uncorn’. Onto this traditional core Bragg attempts to graft a modern multicultural identity – not altogether successfully as he admits ‘multiculturalism’ means many different things to many people. Collectivism and tolerance are key – ‘sweet moderation, the heart of this nation’.

Frustratingly we hear only fragments of Billy’s own contribution to the radical tradition, literally one passing reference to the founding of Red Wedge and a guest appearance at an anti BNP rally in the west country and that’s it. This is a real shame as his story and his actions speak louder than his agitprop words on the people’s history. Too many times the energy and interest generated by creative, imaginative and personally inspired writing is disipated by a pedantic lecture. Yet his multiculturally inclusive solution to the rise of the extreme right is beautifully simple – all England should gather under the flag of St George, thus reapproriating our identity and simultaeneously disenfranchising the fascists.

Cabaret

These two books provide sketches and snapshots of English life and culture over the last half century. We witness the liberalising of society during the 60s, the rise of the mass media and the television age, the consequent counter revolutions by punks in the street and by Thatcherism in the body politic during the 70s and 80s, and Bragg’s attempt to address the new world post 9/11 and 7/7.

Clive James never set out to write an illuminating manuscript of social history. 'The North Face of Soho' is a deeply personal, honest and reliable memoir by an entertainer and devotee of words. He has his cake and eats it with glutoness pleasure - he had such fun, and has fun telling us what fun it was. Having tried his finger in every literary pie he plums for Cabaret – he likes the scale of it.

Billy Bragg still has a story to tell and on this evidence he has the skills to one day tell it well. ‘The Progressive Patriot’ applies more to his notion of a model citizen than an account of himself. His song ‘Between the Wars’ is beautifully crafted, summoning up a nostalgic era of banners and a belief in the ‘fellow man’. A safe sepia-tinted period piece you think until Billy headbutts you in the chest with the final line:
Sweet moderation, heart of this nation, desert us not we are between the wars’.


First published in 'THE Book Magazine'  Winter 2006

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